Adolescence is a stressful developmental process even for physically healthy teens. Chronic illness occurring during adolescence further complicates adolescent development. The chronic disorder, treatment requirements, hospitalization and surgery (when necessary) all intensify concerns about physical appearance, interfere with the process of gaining independence and disrupt changing relationships with parents and friends. Also, adolescent developmental issues complicate a teen's transition toward taking responsibility for managing their illness and learning to comply with recommended treatment.