Nursing research and evidence-based practice

The Department of Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice at Children's Wisconsin promotes and sustains the development of innovative programs of pediatric nursing research and evidence-based practice.

The vision for the department is to build and sustain the research capacity for the discipline of nursing at Children’s and contribute to interdisciplinary research. Our vision includes developing doctorly prepared nurses while also engaging advanced practice nurses and clinical nurses in the process of research and the promotion of clinical inquiry, resulting in the implementation of evidence-based clinical practice.

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Current and past programs of research within the Department of Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice are investigating unique clinical issues confronting children and their families including:

  • family readiness and preparation for discharge
  • mHealth to promote communication and health for pediatric complex chronic illness populations
  • nursing care interventions to improve hospital outcomes
  • pain relief and sedation
  • individual and family self-management and chronic conditions
  • prevention and treatment of childhood obesity, with a specific focus on children with developmental disabilities and the role of the family
  • energy expenditure and assessment of overweight and obesity
  • quality of life for children and families at the end of life
  • implementation science
  • child and family coping skills
  • interventions for premature infants that improve growth and development
  • infant feeding
  • enteral feeding devices, modalities and outcomes
  • developmental and psychosocial implications of chronic illness for children and families
  • exploration of epigenetic alterations in NICU families related to stress
  • serious illness communication among children with life-threatening conditions, their families and clinicians
  • multi-site national registry collaborative to improve care and health outcomes for children with Spina Bifida
  • multi-site national collaborative to improve the urinary health of infants with Spina Bifida
  • development of instruments to measure areas of interest, such as adolescent and family self-management, family quality of life, adolescent and young adult communication, and problem solving self-efficacy

Nursing Research Council

The Department of Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice supports the Nursing Research Council to facilitate the use of evidence and the discovery of new knowledge for practice. Department-supported initiatives include:

  • the visiting scholars program
  • mentorship for proposal development or dissemination
  • the EBP education series
  • the EBP fellowship program
  • research fellowships
  • coordination of nursing research processes

National Pediatric Nurse Scientist Collaborative

The director of the Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice Department, Rosemary White-Traut, founded the National Pediatric Nurse Scientist Collaborative in 2012. She is joined by Karen Gralton, Karen Kavanaugh, Kathleen Sawin, Michele Polfuss, Joan Totka, Eileen Sherburne and Stacee Lerret to represent Children’s Wisconsin within the Collaborative. The Collaborative includes over 140 nurse scientists from across the country.

Mission statement

The mission of the National Pediatric Nurse Scientist Collaborative (NPNSC) is to improve the health and healthcare of children through the advancement of nursing science.

Vision statement

Our vision is to contribute to pediatric science from the unique perspective of nursing as it relates to the health care needs of children and their families. The NPNSC is in the process of developing a support network for pediatric nurse scientists to promote nurse-led, collaborative research across disciplines and sites. Work groups have been formed to develop and lead topic focused pediatric research. The NPNSC meets monthly by phone and annually in person to provide a forum for communication among pediatric nurse scientists with the goal of fostering academic and clinical partnerships. Senior members of the NPNSC are poised to mentor pediatric nurse scientists, clinical nurses, and advanced practice nurses (APNs) to support knowledge development, translation, and dissemination of robust research, and to support the development of a cadre of pediatric nurse scientists as leaders in healthcare research, safe patient care, and evidence based nurse practices.

Federally funded research grants

  • 2022 – Epigenetics Embedding of Oral Feeding Skill Development in Preterm Infants. National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health (PI – Thao Griffith) (Sponsor – Rosemary White-Traut)
  • 2020 – Implementation of an Evidence Based Parentally Administered Intervention for Preterm Infants. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (PI – Rosemary White-Traut) (MPI – Kathleen Norr) (Co-Investigator – Karen Kavanaugh) (Project Director – Karen Gralton)
  • 2020 – A Randomized Controlled Trial to Improve Mother-Infant Synchrony among Women with Childhood Adversity. National Institute of Nursing Research (Co-Investigator – Rosemary White-Traut) (PI – A. Bell)
  • 2019 – Body Composition and Energy Expenditure in Youth with Spina Bifida. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Child Health and Development (PI – Michele Polfuss) (Co-Investigators – Rosemary White-Traut and Kathleen Sawin)
  • 2019 – Energy Expenditure and Weight-Related Behaviors in Youth with Down Syndrome. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (PI – Michele Polfuss) (Co-Investigator – Kathleen Sawin)
  • 2019 – Evaluation of the Communication Plan Early through End-of-Life (COMPLETE) Intervention. National Institutes of Health. (Co-Investigator – Amy Newman) (PI – J. Haase)
  • 2019 – Improving the Urologic Care and Outcomes of Young Children with Spina Bifida in Wisconsin: The “Urologic Management to Preserve Initial Renal Function (UMPIRE) Protocol for Young Children with Spina Bifida”. Center for Disease Control. (Co-PI – Eileen Sherburne)
  • 2019 – Research Approaches to Improving the Care and Outcomes of People Living with Spina Bifida in Wisconsin: The NSBPR. Center for Disease Control (PI – Eileen Sherburne) (Co-Investigator – Kathleen Sawin)

Recently completed internal and federally funded research grants

  • 2019 – Family and Provider Experience in High Risk Asthma and Diabetes Clinic. Children’s Research Institute. (PI – Joan Totka)
  • 2019 – The Influence of Non-Caloric Artificial Sweeteners on the Metabolome, Body Composition, and Glycemic Control in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Patients. Clinical and Translational Science Institute Pilot Award Program: Medical College of Wisconsin Projected Project. (Co-PI – Michele Polfuss)
  • 2018 – mHealth Family Self-Management Intervention for Parents of Transplanted Children. National Institutes of Health – National Institute of Nursing Research. (PI – Stacee Lerret) (Co-Sponsor – Rosemary White-Traut)
  • 2017 – Social Stressors and Inflammation: A Mixed Methods Approach to Preterm Birth. National Institutes of Health – National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. (Co-Investigator – Karen Kavanaugh) (PI – C. Giurgescu)

Nursing research and evidence-based practice department administration

  • Rosemary White-Traut PhD, RN, FAAN
    Director, Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice; Professor Emerita, University of Illinois-Chicago; Adjunct Professor of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin; Adjunct Professor, Marquette University
    (414) 337-0261 | rwhite-traut@childrenswi.org
  • Karen S. Gralton PhD, RN, PCNS-BC
    Evidence-Based Practice Specialist and Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin and Adjunct Assistant Professor, Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin
    (414) 266-2133 | kgralton@childrenswi.org
  • Michele Polfuss PhD, RN, CPNP-AC/PC, FAAN
    Joint Research Chair in the Nursing of Children, Children’s Wisconsin and Professor, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
    (414) 266-3187 | mpolfuss@childrenswi.org
    mpolfuss@uwm.edu
  • Candace Pollock
    Administrative Coordinator
    (414) 266-8384 | cpollock@childrenswi.org

Nurse scientists

  • Elizabeth Cleek PhD, RN, CPNP-PC
    Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin and Assistant Professor of Research, Department of Pediatrics, Child Advocacy and Protective Services, Medical College of Wisconsin
    (414) 337-3213 | ecleek@mcw.edu

Area of expertise: Child maltreatment, reasonable suspicion of child maltreatment, interprofessional education, bioethics.

  • Jennifer Dahlman PhD, RN, BSN, MSN
    Nurse Scientist and Clinical Educator, NICU, Pediatrics, Children’s Wisconsin-Fox Valley
    (920) 969-7904 | jdahlman@childrenswi.org 

Area of expertise: Diversity, including barriers Underrepresented Minority Groups (URMs) face; virtual and face-to-face (FTF) mentoring of undergraduate nurses and new graduates from BSN programs; domestic violence experiences of students in higher education, patient engagement within inpatient settings, and pediatrics. Clinical site nurse for the federally funded H-HOPE implementation research.

  • Karen S. Gralton PhD, RN, PCNS-BC
    Nurse Scientist and Evidence-Based Practice Specialist, Children’s Wisconsin and Adjunct Professor, Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin
    (414) 266-2133 | kgralton@childrenswi.org

Area of expertise: Pediatric/family nursing, preterm infants and parents, resiliency and family functioning, and evidence-based practice. Project director for the federally funded H-HOPE implementation research.

Area of expertise: Neonatal research, premature infant feeding, epigenetics, pediatric research, nursing research, and family health.

  • Karen Kavanaugh PhD, RN, FAAN
    Senior Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin; Professor Emerita, University of Illinois at Chicago; Adjunct Professor, Medical College of Wisconsin
    (414) 337-0262 | kkavanaugh@childrenswi.org
    karenk@uic.edu

Area of expertise: Palliative and end-of-life care for newborns and their families; decision making by families of extremely premature infants; pathways leading to preterm birth in African American women; qualitative and mixed methods research.

  • Julie Lavoie PhD, AC-PNP, MSN, MS, RD
    Nurse Scientist and Program Director, Eating Disorders and Enteral Feeding, Children’s Wisconsin and Adjunct Assistant Professor, Marquette University College of Nursing
    (414) 266-2884 | jlavoie@childrenswi.org

Area of expertise: Enteral Feeding, Bridled Nasogastric tubes, Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Nutrition

  • Stacee Lerret PhD, RN, CPNP-AC/PC, CCTC, FAAN
    Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin; Professor, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Medical College of Wisconsin; Telehealth Accelerator Lead Researcher, Marquette University College of Nursing
    (414) 266-3944 | slerret@mcw.edu
    slerret@childrenswi.org

Area of expertise: Transition from hospital to home for pediatric chronic illness patients and their families, application of individual and family self-management theory, mHealth and telehealth use for patients and families.

  • Kathryn Malin PhD, RN, NNP-BC, APNP
    Nurse Scientist and Neonatal Nurse Practitioner, Children’s Wisconsin and Assistant Professor, Marquette University College of Nursing
    (414) 288-4462 | kathryn.malin@marquette.edu
    (414) 907-2335 | kmalin@childrenswi.org

Area of expertise: Toxic stress in premature infants and their families with a specific focus on perinatal post-traumatic stress disorder in parents after their infant’s discharge from the NICU; exploring the relationships between infant and parent mental health in the NICU with the goal of laying a foundation for future nursing intervention development; research and clinical work is patient oriented with a goal of improving long-term health and development of premature infants.

  • Amy Newman PhD, RN, CPNP-PC
    Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin; Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, MACC Fund Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders; Assistant Professor, Marquette University College of Nursing
    (414) 337-0273 | anewman@childrenswi.org
    amy.newman@marquette.edu

Area of expertise: Pediatric oncology, communication, and palliative care.

  • Kathleen Norr, PhD
    Senior Scientist Children’s Wisconsin and Professor Emerita, University of Illinois at Chicago
    (414) 266-6515 | knorr@childrenswi.org

Area of expertise: A sociologist who has conducted research on health care innovations both in the US and internationally with a primary focus on research in the areas of HIV prevention, maternal-child health, prenatal care and implementation research.

  • Michele Polfuss PhD, RN, CPNP-AC/PC, FAAN
    Joint Research Chair in the Nursing of Children, Children’s Wisconsin and Professor, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College of Nursing
    (414) 266-3187 | mpolfuss@childrenswi.org
    mpolfuss@uwm.edu

Area of expertise: The measurement, prevention, and treatment of childhood obesity and its related comorbidities with a special focus on children with developmental disabilities and the role of the family through parenting and feeding behaviors; body composition and energy expenditure; health promotion. 

  • Kathleen Sawin PhD, CPNP-PC, FAAN
    Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin and Professor Emerita, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College of Nursing
    (414) 266-8384| ksawin@childrenswi.org
    sawin@uwm.edu

Area of expertise: Child and family adaptation to chronic conditions (e.g. spina bifida, cancer, diabetes, epilepsy), individual and family self-management, quality of life, adolescent protective and risk factors (e.g. attitude, hope, decision making, communication self-efficacy and social determinants of health), instrument development (e.g. self-management, family quality of life, adolescent communication self-efficacy), and mixed method designs (quantitative/qualitative), Over the last 15 years Dr. Sawin has focused on improvement of clinical care through the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry and most recently with Dr. Michele Polfuss, on assessment of body composition, energy expenditure and weight-related behaviors in children with spina bifida.

  • Christine Schindler PhD, RN, CPNP-AC/PC
    Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin; Advanced Practice Provider Program Director, Critical Care/Palliative Care, Medical College of Wisconsin; Clinical Associate Professor, Director Pediatric Acute Care Graduate Program, Co-Director Dual Pediatric Primary Care and Acute Care Graduate Program, Marquette University College of Nursing
    (414) 266-3360 | cschindl@mcw.edu
    christine.schindler@marquette.edu

Area of expertise: Harm prevention in the pediatric intensive care unit, pressure ulcer prevention, and wound care.

  • Eileen Sherburne PhD, ACNS-BC, FNP-BC
    Nurse Scientist, Spina Bifida and Nursing Research, Children’s Wisconsin
    (414) 266-2087 | esherburne@childrenswi.org

Area of expertise: Care of children with spina bifida, constipation in hospitalized children, constipation in children with special needs, post-operative urinary retention in children after orthopedic surgery.

Area of expertise: Patient and family-centered outcomes for children with chronic illness; mixed methods research and engagement with those interprofessional teams to holistically individualize care. Current research involves integrating patient-reported outcome measures, such as social determinants of health, depression, anxiety, and disease-specific measures, into clinical practice.

  • Rosemary White-Traut PhD, RN, FAAN
    Director, Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Children’s Wisconsin; Professor Emerita, University of Illinois-Chicago; Adjunct Professor of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin; Adjunct Professor, Marquette University College of Nursing
    (414) 337-0261 | rwhite-traut@childrenswi.org

Area of expertise: Feeding of at risk infants; pathways leading to preterm birth in African American women; neurohormonal, inflammatory, and epigenetic biomarkers and health outcomes in mothers and premature and full term infants following developmental behavioral intervention; and implementation science.

Affiliated clinical researchers

  • Barbara Haase PhD, APRN, CPNP-PC, IBCLC
    Assistant Professor, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College of Nursing
    (414) 251-9469 | bhaase@uwm.edu

Area of expertise: Impact of breastfeeding, breast milk supply, premature infant feeding and breast milk.

  • Kaboni Gondwe, PhD, RN
    Nurse Scientist, Children’s Wisconsin and Assistant Professor in Nursing and Midwifery, University of Washington School of Nursing
    kwgondwe@uw.edu

Area of expertise: Parent-infant relationship, preterm birth, perinatal stress and inflammation, mother and infant outcomes, health equity, resilience, social determinants of health and global health.

  • Norah Johnson PhD, RN, CPNP-PC, FAAN
    Professor, Pediatric Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Program Director, Marquette University College of Nursing
    (414) 288-3857 | norah.johnson@marquette.edu

Area of expertise: Education of clinicians who work with children with developmental disabilities for example, autism spectrum disorders, empowering families to negotiate health care experiences with health care providers and testing interventions to reduce distress of the child and family during health care encounters.

  • Karen Pridham PhD, FAAN
    Professor Emerita and Board of Visitors, University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Nursing
    (608) 263-9886 | kpridham@wisc.edu

Area of expertise: Child feeding skills and respiration during feeding, mother/infant interaction, biochemical markers of dietary adequacy and health. Research design: Qualitative and quantitative.

  • Karyn Roberts PhD, RN
    Assistant Professor, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College of Nursing
    (414) 251-6957 | robertkj@uwm.edu

Area of expertise: Obesity, genetics of obesity and weight stigma.

  • Rachel Schiffman PhD, RN, FAAN
    Professor Emerita, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee College of Nursing
    schiffma@uwm.edu

Area of expertise: Prenatal care, early childhood intervention programs (Early Head Start), family health and individual and family self-management

Area of expertise: Discharge transition and continuum of care for mothers and their newborns, readiness for discharge

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Nursing research and evidence-based practice

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