In this section
Endocrine conditions
- Anatomy of the endocrine system
- Disorders affecting calcium metabolism
- DiGeorge syndrome
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Juvenile osteoporosis
- Disorders affecting the adrenal gland
- Disorders affecting the pituitary gland
- Disorders affecting the thyroid
- Hypoglycemia in the newborn
- Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS
- Problems in puberty
Disorders affecting calcium metabolism
Calcium plays an important role in several body functions, including muscle contractions, enzyme function, and nerve conduction. Calcium is stored in the bones. Calcium levels in the blood are regulated by two hormones produced by the four parathyroid glands, glands located adjacent to the thyroid gland in the neck. These hormones include the following:
- Parathyroid hormone - Parathyroid hormone levels rise when calcium levels fall, and vice versa. These hormones also stimulate the gastrointestinal tract to absorb calcium and the bones to release calcium.
- Calcitonin - Calcitonin, which is produced by the parathyroid glands, the thyroid, and thymus glands, is responsible for lowering calcium levels by moving calcium into the bones for storage.
Disorders affecting calcium metabolism require clinical care by a physician or other healthcare professional. Listed in the directory below are some of the disorders that affect calcium metabolism, for which we have provided a brief overview.
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